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Writing guides

Why identical-looking characters can differ

Understand Unicode sequences

The letter é can be a single code point or an e followed by a combining acute accent. They can look identical while using different bytes. A plain text comparison may therefore report a changed line even though the glyph looks the same.

Use NFC deliberately

NFC combines canonical equivalents where possible. It does not apply compatibility replacements, translate text or fix spelling. The cleaner deliberately uses NFC instead of NFKC to avoid folding characters such as presentation forms without your choice.

Protect meaningful joiners

ZWJ and ZWNJ can affect emoji and joined scripts. The optional invisible-character cleanup keeps these two characters. It removes zero-width space, word joiner and BOM inside the text, which may still alter line breaking. Keep that option off when intentional typography matters.

Verify before replacing

Try a short sample containing accents and emoji. Download the cleaned file, open it in your editor and compare the relevant passage. Preserve your original independently; a browser result is temporary and is not a manuscript archive.

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